Rumen protected compound vitamins

Release time:

2025-08-27 15:21

Information Summary:

Since ruminants possess rumen and ruminal microorganisms are capable of synthesizing water-soluble vitamins and vitamin-K. Therefore, only vitamin-A, D and E are considered to be as critical vitamins and must be furnished in the diet.

Abstract

Ruminants are those animals, who perform rumination or regurgitation of food. In every feed, nutrients are contained in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins. Being a trace nutrient component, sometime livestock owner avoids to supplement the animal feed with these substances. Since ruminants possess rumen and ruminal microorganisms are capable of synthesizing water-soluble vitamins and vitamin-K. Therefore, only vitamin-A, D and E are considered to be as critical vitamins and must be furnished in the diet.

Introduction

Vitamins are defined as ‘a group of complex organic compounds, chemically unrelated to each other, present in minute amounts in natural feeds stuff and are essential to normal metabolism & lack of which in the diet causes deficiency symptoms. Vitamins can be grouped into 2 categories i.e., Fat soluble & Water soluble vitamins. Both these vitamins could be differentiated from each other based on the following points.

Fat Soluble Vitamins	Water Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin- A, D, E, K	Vitamin-C &B complex Vitamins
Stored in body in fat depot and in liver.	Not stored in body except Vitamin B12
Excrete via faeces	Excrete via urine
Made of only C, H and O	Made of C, H and O, whereas some also contain N, S & Cobalt.

Since ruminants has rumen and ruminal microorganisms are capable of synthesizing water-soluble vitamins and vitamin-K. Therefore Vitamin-A, D and E are considered to be as critical vitamins and must be furnished in the diet. In general, most ruminant diets provide adequate amount of vitamin K and the B vitamins, either through natural feedstuffs or synthesis by microbial activity in the rumen. Thus, there are no recommended dietary concentration of these vitamins for ruminants.

Conclusion

Since most ruminant diets provide adequate amount of vitamin K and the B vitamins, either through natural feedstuffs or synthesis by microbial activity in the rumen. Thus, there are no recommended dietary concentration of these vitamins for ruminants. But remaining vitamins are needed to be supplemented in the ruminant’s ration to avoid any serious implications. So,the rumen protected compound vitamins is designed for the supplementation of ruminant animals. It consists of multiple essential vitamins (e.g., A, D, E) encapsulated or coated with rumen-resistant materials. This protection mechanism allows the vitamins to withstand degradation in the rumen,ensuring their targeted release and absorption in the small intestine.

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